Resin coated frac sand as the proppant

Resin coated frac sand as the proppant stimulation mechanism for hydraulic fracturing , the coated particles of the resin is filled in by generated maide fracturing proppants adhesion in the contact point region , a fairly stable and has a certain mechanical strength and permeability of the structure in the fracture . Electron microscopy samples found completely coat the surface of the particles of the resin after curing , the adhesive strength and in the section between the larger particles , which not only eliminates the high stress concentrations , but also to prevent the resin -coated high stress Ying produce fine grain under free . In short , the main reason for the resin coating as maide ceramic proppant sand proppant are the following : a resin-coated sand proppant can be prevented and the discharge tube or cracks around the proppant emptying . Deformable resin coating to avoid and prevent proppant crushing softer formations embedded . Tough coating having chemical stability oil , saline, and most of the acid. Resin-coated sand in the closure stress and temperature effects , fixed cracks in favor of oil production . Laboratory experiments on the physical characteristics of the resin coated sand were evaluated.

hydraulic fractures in the reservoir condition , the coating softens and adjacent coated particles adhesive layer , and finally cured resin hardens into non- plastic state , particle