Different at ceramic proppant stages of the design process requirements and fracturing

Depending on the different stages of the natural gas fracturing requirements and the fracturing process , the fracturing fluid may be used in a construction of a liquid containing various additives . For the vast majority of the total amount of liquid fluid and sand carrying fluid front , should have a certain force and to create cracks in the wall joints and cracks after fracturing sand filling has sufficient conductivity . So they must have the following properties:

① filtration small . This is made long slit , slit width important performance . Hydraulic Fracturing Proppants filtration , primarily depends on its viscosity, formation fluid properties with walls made of fracturing fluids , high viscosity fluid loss is small . Add in the fracturing fluid fluid loss agent can greatly improve build walls to reduce fluid loss . When fracturing , requiring pre- liquid , liquid integrated carrying sand filtration coefficient ≤ 1 × 10-3m/min1/2.

② suspended sand ability. The ability of suspended sand fracturing fluid mainly depends on its viscosity. As long as the fracturing fluid has a higher viscosity, in which the sand can be suspended , in which the distribution of sand seam is very advantageous. However, the viscosity is not too high , if the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is too high, the height of large cracks , is not conducive to produce a wide and long cracks. The viscosity of the fracturing fluid is generally considered as 50 ~ 150mPa · s suitable. Table 3-1 visible liquid viscosity directly affects the size of sand settling velocity .
③ low friction . The fracturing fluid in the pipe friction increases, the slit made for the smaller horsepower available water . Friction is too high , it will greatly improve the wellhead pressure , reduce construction emissions , construction and even cause failure .
④ good stability . Fracturing fluid thermal stability , including stability and shear stability. That fracturing fluid at elevated temperatures , mechanical shear viscosity does not occur significantly reduced, which plays a key role in the success of the construction .

Density proppant improve fracture conductivity

Presented findings water fracturing fluid density ceramic proppant suppliers  To investigate this new fracturing fluid proppant carrying capacity and the ability to completely fill proppant problem generating cracks. Studies have shown a conventional proppant pack, which can only generate a fracture cross section of the hydraulic fracture stimulation pack, while the use of a low density proppant, can fracture length and high slit cracks can be further extended. So far, in the Permian Basin of west Texas, has been the application of this new technology was patented 130 times fracturing treatment, this new technology is mainly used an artificial low-density material called LiteProp

Economic benefit of fracturing proppant

Proppant economic benefit, as one of the fracturing proppant material, in the evaluation of fracturing economic benefit is always an expenditure. As specified in the fracturing payback time (for example, six months or a year) is fracturing design personnel must compare various proppant in the same closed pressure prices than [unit, um2.cm/ ($.T) or um2/ ($.M3)] and price than in the overall net gains (NPV value) and the effects of continuous time.

  If a certain type of a certain size of proppant conductivity in the provision of the repayment time can meet the requirements, the proppant can be used as one of the candidate's support agent.

Fracturing proppant rent limit and computer program selection

The ability of fracturing proppant properties and diversion in the geological and engineering conditions under given, fracturing design personnel must master the different types, different diameter proppant properties and leased limit.

  Combined with the geological conditions of a given (closure pressure, rock hardness, temperature and fracturing objective layer compound etc.), use the existing engineering conditions (nature,hydraulic fracture stimulation , fracturing fluid infusion equipment) can be safely pump, after pressing can obtain higher and stable yield of primipara proppant.

  Selection of proppant computer program including, total economic standard. The net present value calculation; hydraulic fracture stimulation , production technology and economic feasibility of the model input data, the volume and the proppant weight and other factors.

Precise hydraulic fracturing design

Large water conservancy frac proppant selection and optimization design, the site has been in use is to repeat the test approach, in this more than 10 years, the continuous improvement of calculation model, obviously improves the feasibility of time and contains repayment cash flow rate of economic evaluation, the precise design.( ceramic proppant supplier )

  In order to obtain high flow capacity and the deep penetration of the fracture, fracturing design accurately is absolutely necessary. According to the reservoir conditions on individual applications conventional fracturing proppant selection, through the standard curve analysis and supporting agent property valuation determined.