Hydraulic fracturing of the water main use of sand, sand as a Proppant which, in addition to 2% or less of the chemical enhancer. The average water consumption per well volume of about 4.5 million gallons. Using this fracturing technology, to use a lot of water will cause water pollution, shale gas development thus caused serious environmental problems.
First, the exploitation of shale gas hydraulic fracturing techniques used need to consume a lot of water and not recyclable. It is estimated that, if it is horizontal drilling, Hydraulic fracturing wells once a need five million gallons of water. Second, hydraulic fracturing may contaminate groundwater. Again, hydraulic fracturing will pollute the atmosphere. Thousands of new uses fracking wells put into use, greatly increasing the volatile organic compounds and other hazardous air pollutants such as benzene and n-hexane.
For these because of environmental problems caused by hydraulic fracturing, experts made a number of recommendations. hydraulic fracturing wastewater can be formed three typical ways:
(1) Transportation to offsite sewage treatment plant for processing, then its stored underground wells.
(2) Transportation to offsite sewage treatment plant for processing, and then discharged to surface waters.
(3) in-situ treatment and re-used for hydraulic fracturing or drilling operations. As for preventing the discharge of hazardous substances, the United States in 2010 enacted a statute, the regulations require to January 2015, all using the hydraulic fracturing method for shale gas wells associated equipment must be installed in order to reduce volatile organic compounds and other hazardous air pollutants. It is understood that about half of the new U.S. gas related equipment has been installed so that when conducting able to eradicate shale gas emissions of volatile organic compounds, trapping air pollutants and methane.
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